module Borceux where
Though the 1Lab is not purely a formalization of category theory, it does aim to be a useful reference on the subject. However, the 1Lab organizes content in a highly non-linear fashion; this can make it somewhat difficult to use as a companion to more traditional resources.
This page attempts to (somewhat) rectify this situation by gathering all of the results from Francis Borceux’s “Handbook of Categorical Algebra” (Borceux 1994) in a single place.1
Volume 1🔗
1 The language of categories🔗
1.1 Logical foundations of the theory🔗
- Proposition 1.1: Russell’s paradox
1.2 Categories and functors🔗
_ = Precategory
_ = Functor
_ = is-strict
_ = Strict-cats
_ = Sets
_ = Groups
_ = poset→category
_ = Disc
_ = B
_ = Slice
_ = Ab↪Sets
_ = Hom[_,-]
_ = Const
- Definition 1.2.1:
Precategory
- Definition 1.2.2:
Functor
- Definition 1.2.3:
is-strict
- Proposition 1.2.4:
Strict-cats
- Examples 1.2.5:
Sets
Groups
- Examples 1.2.6:
poset→category
Disc
B
- Examples 1.2.7:
Slice
- Examples 1.2.8:
Ab↪Sets
Hom[_,-]
Const
1.3 Natural transformations🔗
_ = _=>_
_ = Cat[_,_]
_ = _◆_
_ = ◆-interchange
_ = よcov₁
_ = yo-is-equiv
_ = yo-naturalr
_ = yo-naturall
_ = constⁿ
- Definition 1.3.1:
_=>_
- Proposition 1.3.2:
Cat[_,_]
- Theorem 1.3.3:
yo-is-equiv
yo-naturalr
yo-naturall
- Proposition 1.3.4:
_◆_
- Proposition 1.3.5:
◆-interchange
- Examples 1.3.6:
よcov₁
constⁿ
1.4 Contravariant functors🔗
Borceux defines contravariant functors as a distinct object rather than functors from this makes it somewhat difficult to map definitions on a 1-1 basis.
_ = _^op
_ = よcov
_ = よ₀
_ = よ₁
_ = よ
- Definition 1.4.1:
_^op
- Definition 1.4.2:
_^op
- Examples 1.4.3:
よcov
よ₀
よ₁
よ
1.5 Full and faithful functors🔗
_ = is-faithful
_ = is-full
_ = is-fully-faithful
_ = is-precat-iso
_ = よ-is-fully-faithful
_ = よcov-is-fully-faithful
_ = Subcat
_ = Restrict
- Definition 1.5.1:
is-faithful
is-full
is-fully-faithful
is-precat-iso
- Proposition 1.5.2:
よ-is-fully-faithful
よcov-is-fully-faithful
- Definition 1.5.3:
Subcat
- Definition 1.5.4:
Restrict
1.6 Comma categories🔗
_ = _↓_
_ = Dom
_ = Cod
_ = θ
_ = ∫cov
_ = _×ᶜ_
_ = Cat⟨_,_⟩
- Definition 1.6.1:
_↓_
- Proposition 1.6.2:
Dom
Cod
θ
- Definition 1.6.4:
∫cov
- Definition 1.6.5:
_×ᶜ_
- Proposition 1.6.6:
Cat⟨_,_⟩
1.7 Monomorphisms🔗
_ = is-monic
_ = id-monic
_ = monic-∘
_ = monic-cancell
_ = has-section
_ = has-retract
_ = has-retract→monic
_ = faithful→reflects-mono
_ = embedding→monic
_ = monic→is-embedding
- Definition 1.7.1:
is-monic
- Proposition 1.7.2:
id-monic
monic-∘
monic-cancell
- Definition 1.7.3:
has-section
has-retract
- Proposition 1.7.4:
has-retract→monic
- Proposition 1.7.6:
faithful→reflects-mono
- Examples 1.7.7:
embedding→monic
,monic→is-embedding
1.8 Epimorphisms🔗
_ = is-epic
_ = id-epic
_ = epic-∘
_ = epic-cancelr
_ = has-section→epic
_ = faithful→reflects-epi
_ = surjective→regular-epi
_ = epi→surjective
- Definition 1.8.1:
is-epic
- Proposition 1.8.2:
id-epic
epic-∘
epic-cancelr
- Proposition 1.8.3:
has-section→epic
- Proposition 1.8.4:
faithful→reflects-epi
- Examples 1.8.5:
surjective→regular-epi
,epi→surjective
1.9 Isomorphisms🔗
_ = is-invertible
_ = id-invertible
_ = invertible-∘
_ = invertible→monic
_ = invertible→epic
_ = has-retract+epic→invertible
_ = F-iso.F-map-invertible
_ = is-ff→is-conservative
_ = equiv≃iso
- Definition 1.9.1:
is-invertible
- Proposition 1.9.2:
id-invertible
invertible-∘
invertible→monic
,invertible→epic
- Proposition 1.9.3:
has-retract+epic→invertible
- Proposition 1.9.4:
F-iso.F-map-invertible
- Proposition 1.9.5:
is-ff→is-conservative
- Examples 1.9.6:
equiv≃iso
1.10 The duality principle🔗
_ = Hom[-,-]
- Definition 1.10.1:
_^op
- Examples 1.10.3:
Hom[-,-]
1.11 Exercises🔗
_ = thin-functor
_ = よ-preserves-mono
_ = よcov-reverses-epi
_ = Curry
_ = Uncurry
_ = has-section+monic→invertible
- Exercise 1.11.1: 🚧
thin-functor
- Exercise 1.11.5:
よ-preserves-mono
- Exercise 1.11.6:
よcov-reverses-epi
- Exercise 1.11.8: 🚧
Curry
,Uncurry
- Exercise 1.11.9:
has-section+monic→invertible
2 Limits🔗
2.1 Products🔗
_ = is-product
_ = ×-Unique
_ = Binary-products.swap-is-iso
_ = Cartesian-monoidal
_ = is-indexed-product
_ = Indexed-product-unique
_ = is-indexed-product-assoc
- Definition 2.1.1:
is-product
- Proposition 2.1.2:
×-Unique
- Proposition 2.1.3:
Binary-products.swap-is-iso
Cartesian-monoidal
- Definition 2.1.4:
is-indexed-product
- Proposition 2.1.5:
Indexed-product-unique
- Proposition 2.1.6:
is-indexed-product-assoc
2.2 Coproducts🔗
_ = is-indexed-coproduct
_ = is-indexed-coproduct→iso
_ = is-indexed-coproduct-assoc
- Definition 2.2.1:
is-indexed-coproduct
- Proposition 2.2.2:
is-indexed-coproduct→iso
- Proposition 2.2.3:
is-indexed-coproduct-assoc
2.3 Initial and terminal objects🔗
_ = is-initial
_ = is-terminal
_ = Sets-initial
_ = Sets-terminal
_ = Zero-group-is-zero
- Definition 2.3.1:
is-terminal
is-initial
- Examples 2.3.2:
Sets-initial
,Sets-terminal
- 🚧
Zero-group-is-zero
- 🚧
2.4 Equalizers, coequalizers🔗
_ = is-equaliser
_ = is-equaliser→iso
_ = is-equaliser→is-monic
_ = id-is-equaliser
_ = equaliser+epi→invertible
- Definition 2.4.1:
is-equaliser
- Proposition 2.4.2:
is-equaliser→iso
- Proposition 2.4.3:
is-equaliser→is-monic
- Proposition 2.4.4:
id-is-equaliser
- Proposition 2.4.5:
equaliser+epi→invertible
2.5 Pullbacks, pushouts🔗
_ = is-pullback
_ = Pullback-unique
_ = is-monic→pullback-is-monic
_ = is-invertible→pullback-is-invertible
_ = is-kernel-pair
_ = is-kernel-pair→epil
_ = is-kernel-pair→epir
_ = monic→id-kernel-pair
_ = id-kernel-pair→monic
_ = same-kernel-pair→id-kernel-pair
_ = is-effective-epi.is-effective-epi→is-regular-epi
_ = is-regular-epi→is-effective-epi
_ = pasting-left→outer-is-pullback
_ = Sets-pullbacks
- Definition 2.5.1:
is-pullback
- Proposition 2.5.2:
Pullback-unique
- Proposition 2.5.3:
is-monic→pullback-is-monic
is-invertible→pullback-is-invertible
- Definition 2.5.4:
is-kernel-pair
- Proposition 2.5.5:
is-kernel-pair→epil
,is-kernel-pair→epir
- Proposition 2.5.6:
- (1 ⇒ 2):
monic→id-kernel-pair
- (2 ⇒ 1):
id-kernel-pair→monic
- (3 ⇒ 2):
same-kernel-pair→id-kernel-pair
- (1 ⇒ 2):
- Proposition 2.5.7:
is-effective-epi.is-effective-epi→is-regular-epi
- Proposition 2.5.8:
is-regular-epi→is-effective-epi
- Proposition 2.5.9:
pasting-left→outer-is-pullback
- Examples 2.5.10
Sets-pullbacks
2.6 Limits and colimits🔗
_ = Cone
_ = is-limit
_ = limits-unique
_ = is-limit.unique₂
_ = Cocone
_ = is-colimit
_ = Limit→Equaliser
_ = Equaliser→Limit
_ = Limit→Pullback
_ = Pullback→Limit
- Definition 2.6.1:
Cone
- Definition 2.6.2:
is-limit
- Proposition 2.6.3:
limits-unique
- Proposition 2.6.4:
is-limit.unique₂
- Definition 2.6.5:
Cocone
- Definition 2.6.6:
is-colimit
- Examples 2.6.7:
Limit→Equaliser
,Equaliser→Limit
Limit→Pullback
,Pullback→Limit
2.7 Complete categories🔗
_ = is-complete
- Definition 2.7.2:
is-complete
2.8 Existence theorem for limits🔗
_ = with-equalisers
_ = with-pullbacks
- Proposition 2.8.2:
with-equalisers
with-pullbacks
2.9 Limit preserving functors🔗
_ = preserves-limit
_ = is-lex.pres-monos
_ = corepresentable-preserves-limits
_ = representable-reverses-colimits
_ = reflects-limit
_ = conservative-reflects-limits
- Definition 2.9.1:
preserves-limit
- Proposition 2.9.3:
is-lex.pres-monos
- Proposition 2.9.4:
corepresentable-preserves-limits
- Proposition 2.9.5:
representable-reverses-colimits
- Definition 2.9.6:
reflects-limit
- Proposition 2.9.7:
conservative-reflects-limits
2.10 Absolute colimits🔗
2.11 Final functors🔗
Borceux uses some outdated terminology here, and also uses a condition that is overly powerful. We opt to stick with the terminology from the nLab instead.
_ = is-final
_ = extend-is-colimit
_ = is-colimit-restrict
- Definition 2.11.1:
is-final
- Proposition 2.11.2:
extend-is-colimit
,is-colimit-restrict
2.12 Interchange of limits🔗
2.13 Filtered colimits🔗
2.14 Universality of colimits🔗
_ = has-stable-colimits
- Definition 2.14.1:
has-stable-colimits
2.15 Limits in categories of functors🔗
_ = functor-limit
_ = Functor-cat-is-complete
_ = coyoneda
- Proposition 2.15.1:
functor-limit
- Theorem 2.15.2:
Functor-cat-is-complete
- Proposition 2.15.6:
coyoneda
2.16 Limits in comma categories🔗
2.17 Exercises🔗
_ = Cone→cone
- Exercise 2.17.3: 🚧
Cone→cone
- Exercises 2.17.8:
extend-is-colimit
,is-colimit-restrict
3 Adjoint functors🔗
3.1 Reflection along a functor🔗
_ = Free-object
_ = free-object-unique
_ = free-objects→left-adjoint
_ = _⊣_
_ = free-objects≃left-adjoint
_ = hom-iso→adjoints
_ = make-free-group
_ = Free-monoid⊣Forget
_ = Disc⊣Γ
_ = Γ⊣Codisc
- Definition 3.1.1:
Free-object
- Proposition 3.1.2:
free-object-unique
- Proposition 3.1.3:
free-objects→left-adjoint
- Definition 3.1.4:
_⊣_
- Theorem 3.1.5:
free-objects≃left-adjoint
,hom-iso→adjoints
- Examples 3.1.6:
Free-monoid⊣Forget
make-free-group
Disc⊣Γ
,Γ⊣Codisc
3.2 Properties of adjoint functors🔗
_ = LF⊣GR
_ = right-adjoint-is-continuous
- Proposition 3.2.1:
LF⊣GR
- Proposition 3.2.2:
right-adjoint-is-continuous
3.3 The adjoint functor theorem🔗
_ = Solution-set
_ = solution-set→left-adjoint
- Definition 3.3.2:
Solution-set
- Theorem 3.3.3:
solution-set→left-adjoint
3.4 Fully faithful adjoint functors🔗
_ = is-reflective→counit-is-iso
_ = is-counit-iso→is-reflective
_ = is-equivalence
- Proposition 3.4.1:
- (⇒).
is-reflective→counit-is-iso
- (⇐).
is-counit-iso→is-reflective
- (⇒).
- Definition 3.4.4:
is-equivalence
3.5 Reflective subcategories🔗
_ = is-reflective
- Definition 3.5.2:
is-reflective
3.6 Epireflective subcategories🔗
_ = is-epireflective
_ = epireflective+strong-mono→unit-invertible
_ = factor+strong-mono-unit-invertible→epireflective
_ = is-strong-epireflective
_ = strong-epireflective+mono→unit-invertible
_ = factor+mono-unit-invertible→strong-epireflective
- Definition 3.6.1:
is-epireflective
- Proposition 3.6.2:
- (1 ⇒ 2):
epireflective+strong-mono→unit-invertible
- (2 ⇒ 1):
factor+strong-mono-unit-invertible→epireflective
- (1 ⇒ 2):
- Definition 3.6.2:
is-strong-epireflective
- Proposition 3.6.4:
- (1 ⇒ 2):
strong-epireflective+mono→unit-invertible
- (2 ⇒ 1):
factor+mono-unit-invertible→strong-epireflective
- (1 ⇒ 2):
3.7 Kan extensions🔗
_ = is-lan
_ = is-ran
_ = cocomplete→lan
_ = ff→pointwise-lan-ext
_ = left-adjoint→left-extension
_ = is-initial-cocone→is-colimit
_ = is-colimit→is-initial-cocone
_ = is-colimit→is-initial-cocone
_ = adjoint→is-lan-id
_ = adjoint→is-absolute-lan
- Definition 3.7.1:
is-lan
- Theorem 3.7.2:
cocomplete→lan
- Proposition 3.7.3:
ff→pointwise-lan-ext
- Proposition 3.7.4:
left-adjoint→left-extension
- Proposition 3.7.5:
- (⇒)
is-initial-cocone→is-colimit
- (⇐)
is-colimit→is-initial-cocone
- (⇒)
- Proposition 3.7.6:
- (1 ⇒ 2)
adjoint→is-lan-id
,adjoint→is-absolute-lan
- (1 ⇒ 2)
3.8 Tensor products of set-valued functors🔗
3.9 Exercises🔗
_ = right-adjoint→objectwise-rep
_ = corepresentable→left-adjoint
_ = Karoubi-is-completion
- Exercise 3.9.2:
- (⇒)
corepresentable→left-adjoint
- (⇐)
right-adjoint→objectwise-rep
- (⇒)
- Exercise 3.9.3:
Karoubi-is-completion
4 Generators and Projectives🔗
4.1 Well-powered categories🔗
4.2 Intersection and union🔗
4.3 Strong epimorphisms🔗
_ = is-regular-epi
_ = is-strong-epi
_ = strong-epi-∘
_ = strong-epi-cancelr
_ = strong-epi+mono→invertible
_ = is-regular-epi→is-strong-epi
_ = is-strong-epi→is-extremal-epi
_ = equaliser-lifts→is-strong-epi
_ = is-extremal-epi→is-strong-epi
- Definition 4.3.1:
is-regular-epi
- Definition 4.3.5:
is-strong-epi
- Proposition 4.3.6:
strong-epi-∘
strong-epi-cancelr
strong-epi-mono→invertible
is-regular-epi→is-strong-epi
is-strong-epi→is-extremal-epi
- Proposition 4.3.7:
equaliser-lifts→is-strong-epi
is-extremal-epi→is-strong-epi
4.4 Epi-mono factorizations🔗
4.5 Generators🔗
_ = is-separating-family
_ = is-separator
_ = separating-family→epi
_ = epi→separating-family
_ = is-strong-separating-family
_ = is-regular-separating-family
_ = is-dense-separating-family
_ = is-dense-separator
_ = dense-separator→regular-separator
_ = regular-separator→strong-separator
_ = is-jointly-faithful
_ = is-jointly-conservative
_ = separating-family→jointly-faithful
_ = jointly-faithful→separating-family
_ = separator→faithful
_ = faithful→separator
_ = strong-separating-family→jointly-conservative
_ = lex+jointly-conservative→strong-separating-family
_ = strong-separator→conservative
_ = lex+conservative→strong-separator
_ = equalisers+jointly-conservative→separating-family
_ = dense-separating-family→jointly-ff
_ = jointly-ff→dense-separating-family
_ = zero+separating-family→separator
- Definition 4.5.1:
is-separating-family
is-separator
- Proposition 5.4.2:
- (⇒)
separating-family→epic
- (⇐)
epic→separating-family
- (⇒)
- Definition 4.5.3:
is-strong-separating-family
is-regular-separating-family
- Definition 4.5.4:
is-dense-separating-family
is-dense-separator
- Proposition 4.5.5:
dense-separator→regular-separator
regular-separator→strong-separator
- Definition 4.5.7:
is-jointly-faithful
is-jointly-conservative
- Proposition 4.5.8:
- (⇒)
separating-family→jointly-faithful
- (⇐)
jointly-faithful→separating-family
{.Agda}
- (⇒)
- Proposition 4.5.9:
- (⇒)
separator→faithful
- (⇐)
faithful→separator
- (⇒)
- Proposition 4.5.10:
- (⇒)
strong-separating-family→jointly-conservative
- (⇐)
lex+jointly-conservative→strong-separating-family
- (⇒)
- Proposition 4.5.11:
- (⇒)
strong-separator→conservative
- (⇐)
lex+conservative→strong-separator
- (⇒)
- Proposition 4.5.12:
equalisers+jointly-conservative→separating-family
- Proposition 4.5.14
- (⇒)
dense-separating-family→jointly-ff
- (⇐)
jointly-ff→dense-separating-family
- (⇒)
- Proposition 4.5.16:
zero+separating-family→separator
4.6 Projectives🔗
Borceux uses the term “projective” to refer to strong projectives.
_ = is-strong-projective
_ = preserves-strong-epis→strong-projective
_ = strong-projective→preserves-strong-epis
_ = indexed-coproduct-strong-projective
_ = retract→strong-projective
_ = Strong-projectives
_ = strong-projective-separating-faily→strong-projectives
_ = zero+indexed-coproduct-strong-projective→strong-projective
- Definition 4.6.1:
is-strong-projective
- Proposition 4.6.2: Note that there is a slight typo in Borceux here:
must preserve strong epimorphisms. (⇒)
preserves-strong-epis→strong-projective
(⇐)strong-projective→preserves-strong-epis
- Proposition 4.6.3:
indexed-coproduct-strong-projective
- Proposition 4.6.4:
retract→strong-projective
- Definition 4.6.5:
Strong-projectives
- Proposition 4.6.6:
strong-projective-separating-faily→strong-projectives
- Proposition 4.6.7:
- (⇒)
zero+indexed-coproduct-strong-projective→strong-projective
- (⇐)
indexed-coproduct-strong-projective
- (⇒)
4.7 Injective cogenerators🔗
4.8 Exercises🔗
5 Categories of fractions🔗
5.1 Graphs and path categories🔗
_ = Graph
_ = Graph-hom
_ = Path-in
_ = Path-category
_ = Free-category
_ = Marked-graph
_ = Marked-graphs
_ = Marked-free-category
- Definition 5.1.1:
Graph
- Definition 5.1.2:
Graph-hom
- Definition 5.1.3:
Path-in
- Proposition 5.1.4:
Path-category
,Free-category
- Definition 5.1.5:
Marked-graph
,Marked-graphs
- Proposition 5.1.6:
Marked-free-category
5.2 Calculus of fractions🔗
_ = Localisation
- Proposition 5.2.2:
Localisation
5.3 Reflective subcategories as categories of fractinos🔗
5.4 The orthogonal subcategory problem🔗
_ = m⊥m
_ = m⊥o
_ = o⊥m
_ = object-orthogonal-!-orthogonal
_ = in-subcategory→orthogonal-to-inverted
_ = orthogonal-to-ηs→in-subcategory
_ = in-subcategory→orthogonal-to-ηs
- Definition 5.4.1:
m⊥m
- Definition 5.4.2:
m⊥o
o⊥m
- Proposition 5.4.3:
object-orthogonal-!-orthogonal
- Proposition 5.4.4:
- (a ⇒ b)
in-subcategory→orthogonal-to-inverted
- (a ⇒ c)
in-subcategory→orthogonal-to-ηs
- (a ⇒ b)
5.5 Factorisation systems🔗
_ = is-factorisation-system
_ = factorisation-essentially-unique
_ = E-is-⊥M
_ = in-intersection≃is-iso
- Definition 5.5.1:
is-factorisation-system
- Proposition 5.5.2:
factorisation-essentially-unique
- Proposition 5.5.3: 🚧
E-is-⊥M
- Proposition 5.5.4:
in-intersection≃is-iso
5.6 The case of localisations🔗
5.7 Universal closure operations🔗
5.8 The calculus of bidense morphisms🔗
5.9 Exercises🔗
6 Flat functors and Cauchy completeness🔗
6.1 Exact functors🔗
_ = is-lex
- Definition 6.1.1:
is-lex
6.2 Left exact reflection of a functor🔗
6.3 Flat functors🔗
6.4 The relevance of regular cardinals🔗
6.5 The splitting of idempotents🔗
_ = is-idempotent
_ = is-split→is-idempotent
_ = is-split
_ = is-idempotent-complete
- Definition 6.5.1:
is-idempotent
- Proposition 6.5.2:
is-split→is-idempotent
- Definition 6.5.3:
is-split
- Definition 6.5.8:
is-idempotent-complete
- Proposition 6.5.9:
Karoubi-is-completion
6.6 The more general adjoint functor theorem🔗
6.7 Exercises🔗
7 Bicategories and distributors🔗
7.1 2-categories🔗
7.2 2-functors and 2-natural transformations🔗
7.3 Modifications and n-categories🔗
7.4 2-limits and bilimits🔗
7.5 Lax functors and pseudo-functors🔗
7.6 Lax limits and pseudo-limits🔗
7.7 Bicategories🔗
_ = Prebicategory
_ = _⊣ᵇ_
_ = Spanᵇ
- Definition 7.7.1:
Prebicategory
- Definition 7.7.2:
_⊣ᵇ_
- Example 7.7.3:
Spanᵇ
7.8 Distributors🔗
7.9 Cauchy completeness versus distributors🔗
7.10 Exercises🔗
8 Internal category theory🔗
8.1 Internal categories and functors🔗
_ = Internal-cat
_ = Internal-functor
_ = _=>i_
_ = Disci
_ = _^opi
- Definition 8.1.1:
Internal-cat
- Definition 8.1.2:
Internal-functor
- Definition 8.1.3:
_=>i_
- Examples 8.1.6:
Disci
_^opi
8.2 Internal base-valued functors🔗
_ = Outer-functor
_ = _=>o_
_ = Outer-functors
_ = ConstO
_ = const-nato
- Definition 8.2.1:
Outer-functor
- Definition 8.2.2:
_=>o_
- Proposition 8.2.3:
Outer-functors
- Example 8.2.4:
ConstO
,const-nato
8.3 Internal limits and colimits🔗
8.4 Exercises🔗
- Exercise 8.4.6:
- (⇒)
dependent-product→lcc
- (⇐)
lcc→dependent-product
- (⇒)
It also serves as an excellent place to find possible contributions!↩︎
References
- Borceux, Francis. 1994. Handbook of Categorical Algebra. Vol. 1. Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511525858.